Kakaretso ea Boloetse ba Matsoho, Maoto le Molomo (HFMD).
Boloetse ba Matsoho, Maoto le Molomo bo atile haholo-holo baneng ba banyenyane. E tšoaetsanoa haholo, e na le karolo e kholo ea tšoaetso ea asymptomatic, litsela tse rarahaneng tsa phetisetso, le ho hasana ka potlako, ho ka bakang ho phatloha ho hoholo ka nako e khuts'oane, ho etsa hore taolo ea seoa e be thata. Nakong ea ho qhoma, tšoaetso e kopanetsoeng likolokeng tsa kindergartens le litsi tsa tlhokomelo ea bana, hammoho le lihlopha tsa malapa tsa linyeoe, li ka etsahala. Ka 2008, HFMD e kenyelelitsoe ke Lekala la Bophelo bo Botle ho laola mafu a tšoaetsanoang a Sehlopha sa C.
Coxsackievirus A16 (CA16) le Enterovirus 71 (EV71) ke likokoana-hloko tse tloaelehileng tse bakang HFMD. Lintlha tsa Epidemiological li bontša hore CA16 e atisa ho potoloha ka nako e le 'ngoe le EV71, e lebisang ho qhoma ha HFMD khafetsa. Nakong ea likoluoa tsena, karolo ea ts'oaetso ea CA16 e feta hole ea EV71, hangata e ikarabellang ho feta 60% ea mafu kaofela. HFMD e bakoang ke EV71 e ka lebisa tšenyo ea tsamaiso ea methapo ea bohareng. Palo ea linyeoe tse matla le sekhahla sa lefu har'a bakuli ba tšoaelitsoeng ke EV71 e phahame haholo ho feta ba tšoaelitsoeng ke li-enteroviruses tse ling, 'me sekhahla sa lefu le matla se fihla ho 10% -25%. Leha ho le joalo, ts'oaetso ea CA16 ka kakaretso ha e bake mafu a fapaneng a amanang le tsamaiso ea methapo e bohareng joalo ka aseptic meningitis, brainstem encephalitis, le poliomyelitis-joaloka ho holofala. Ka hona, tlhahlobo ea pele ea phapang e bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa ho pholosa bophelo ba linyeoe tse matla.
Tlhahlobo ea Tleliniki
Teko ea hona joale ea kliniki bakeng sa HFMD haholo-holo e kenyelletsa tlhahlobo ea nucleic acid ea pathogen le ts'oaetso ea serological antibody. Khampani ea Beier e sebelisa li-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) le mekhoa ea khauta ea colloidal ho hlahisa Enterovirus 71 Antibody Test Kits le Coxsackievirus A16 IgM Antibody Test Kits bakeng sa ho lemoha ka ho fapana ha likokoana-hloko tsa HFMD. Ho lemoha serum antibody ho fana ka kutlo e phahameng, e ikhethang, 'me e bonolo, e potlakile, ebile e loketse tlhahlobo ea bongaka litsing tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo maemong ohle le lithutong tse kholo tsa tlhahlobo ea mafu a seoa.
Matšoao a Khethehileng a Tlhahlobo le Bohlokoa ba Tleliniki ea Tšoaetso ea EV71
Tlhahlobo e khethehileng ea tšoaetso ea EV71 e itšetlehile ka ho fumanoa ha li-antibodies tsa EV71-RNA, EV71-IgM, le EV71-IgG ka serum, kapa ho fumanoa ha EV71-RNA ka mehlala ea swab.
Ka mor'a tšoaetso ea EV71, li-antibodies tsa IgM li hlaha pele, li fihla sehlohlolong bekeng ea bobeli. Li-antibodies tsa IgG li qala ho hlaha bekeng ea bobeli ka mor'a tšoaetso 'me li tsoela pele nako e telele. EV71-IgM ke sesupo sa bohlokoa sa ts'oaetso ea mantlha kapa ea morao-rao, e thusang ho lemoha kapele le kalafo ea tšoaetso ea EV71. EV71-IgG ke sesupo sa bohlokoa bakeng sa tlhahlobo e fapaneng ea ts'oaetso, e sebetsang bakeng sa lipatlisiso tsa lefu la seoa le tlhahlobo ea katleho ea ente. Ho bona phetoho ea li-antibody titer lipakeng tsa disampole tsa serum tsa acute le convalescent ho ka boela ha khetholla boemo ba tšoaetso ea EV71; mohlala, keketseho ea geometric ka makhetlo a mane kapa e kholoanyane ea antibody titer ho serum ea convalescent ha e bapisoa le serum e matla e ka nkoa e le tšoaetso ea hona joale ea EV71.
Matšoao a Khethehileng a Tlhahlobo le Bohlokoa ba Tleliniki ea Tšoaetso ea CA16
Tlhahlobo e khethehileng ea ts'oaetso ea CA16 e itšetlehile ka ho fumanoa ha li-antibodies tsa CA16-RNA, CA16-IgM, le CA16-IgG ka serum, kapa ho fumanoa ha CA16-RNA ka mehlala ea swab.
Ka mor'a tšoaetso ea CA16, li-antibodies tsa IgM li hlaha pele, li fihla sehlohlolong bekeng ea bobeli. Li-antibodies tsa IgG li qala ho hlaha bekeng ea bobeli ka mor'a tšoaetso 'me li tsoela pele nako e telele. CA16-IgM ke sesupo sa bohlokoa sa tšoaetso ea mantlha kapa ea morao tjena.
Bohlokoa ba Teko e Kopantsoeng ea EV71 le CA16 Antibody
HFMD e bakoa ke li-enteroviruses tse 'maloa, tse nang le serotypes tse tloaelehileng e leng EV71 le CA16. Lipatlisiso li bontša hore HFMD e bakoang ke kokoana-hloko ea CA16 ka tloaelo e hlahisa matšoao a tloaelehileng, e na le mathata a fokolang, le prognoza e ntle. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, HFMD e bakoang ke EV71 hangata e hlahisa matšoao a matla a kliniki, e na le tekanyo e phahameng ea linyeoe tse matla le ho shoa ha linyeoe, 'me hangata e amahanngoa le mathata a tsamaiso ea methapo ea bohareng. Matšoao a kliniki a HFMD a rarahane 'me hangata ha a na mokhoa o tloaelehileng, ho etsa hore tlhahlobo ea bongaka e be phephetso ka ho khetheha, haholo-holo mekhahlelo ea pele. Bohlokoa ba tlhahlobo e kopaneng ea serum antibody ke ho nkela sebaka sa mekhoa e jang nako le e boima ea ho itšehla thajana ea kokoana-hloko, ho tsebahatsa pathogen ka serologically, le ho fana ka motheo oa tlhahlobo ea bongaka, maano a kalafo, le ponelopele ea mafu.
Tlhahlobo ea Ts'ebetso ea Sehlahisoa
EV71-IgM ELISAKitTlhahlobo ea Ts'ebetso
| Slekaneng | No. eaLinyeoe | EV71-IgM e ntle | EV71-IgM Negative | Stjantjello | Specificity |
| Linyeoe tse netefalitsoeng tsa EV71 | 302 | 298 | 4 | 98.7% | —– |
| Maemo a Tšoaetso a Non-EV71 | 25 | 1 | 24 | —– | 96% |
| Kakaretso ea Baahi | 700 | —– | 700 | —– | 100% |
Liphetho li bontša:Beier EV71-IgM Test Kit e bonts'a kutlo e phahameng le boits'oaro bo botle bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea serum ho tsoa ho batho ba nang le tšoaetso ea EV71. Mohloli oa lintlha: Setsi sa Naha sa Taolo le Thibelo ea Mafu a Kokoana, CDC ea China.
EV71-IgG ELISA Kit Performance Analysis (I)
| Slekaneng | No. eaLinyeoe | EV71-IgG e ntle | EV71-IgG Negative | Stjantjello | Specificity |
| Linyeoe tse netefalitsoeng tsa EV71 | 310 | 307 | 3 | 99.0% | —– |
| Maemo a Tšoaetso a Non-EV71 | 38 | 0 | 38 | —– | 100% |
| Kakaretso ea Baahi | 700 | 328 | 372 | —– | 100% |
EV71-IgG ELISA Kit Performance Analysis (II)
| Slekaneng | No. eaLinyeoe | EV71-IgG e ntle | EV71-IgG Negative | Stjantjello | Specificity |
| Kakaretso ea Baahi, Teko ea ho Neutralization e Ntle | 332 | 328 | 4 | 98.8% | —– |
| Kakaretso ea Baahi, Teko ea ho Neutralization e Fosahetseng | 368 | —– | 368 | —– | 100% |
Liphetho li bontša:Beier EV71-IgG Test Kit e bonts'a sekhahla se phahameng sa ho lemoha serum ho tsoa ho batho ba nang le ts'oaetso ea EV71 khafetsa. Mohloli oa lintlha: Setsi sa Naha sa Taolo le Thibelo ea Mafu a Kokoana, CDC ea China.
Tlhahlobo ea Ts'ebetso ea CA16-IgM ELISA Kit
| Slekaneng | No. eaLinyeoe | CA16-IgM e ntle | CA16-IgM Negative | Stjantjello | Specificity |
| Linyeoe tse tiisitsoeng tsa CA16 | 350 | 336 | 14 | 96.0% | —– |
| Kakaretso ea Baahi | 659 | 0 | 659 | —– | 100% |
Liphetho li bontša:Beier CA16-IgM Test Kit e bonts'a sekhahla se phahameng sa ho lemoha le ho lumellana hantle. Mohloli oa lintlha: Setsi sa Naha sa Taolo le Thibelo ea Mafu a Kokoana, CDC ea China.
EV71-IgM Test Kit (Colloidal Gold) Tlhahlobo ea Ts'ebetso
| Slekaneng | No. eaLinyeoe | EV71-IgM e ntle | EV71-IgM Negative | Stjantjello | Specificity |
| Mehlala e Ntle ea EV71-IgM | 90 | 88 | 2 | 97.8% | —– |
| PCR Positive Samples / Maemo ao e seng a HFMD | 217 | 7 | 210 | —– | 96.8% |
Liphetho li bontša:The Beier EV71-IgM Test Kit (Colloidal Gold) e bonts'a kutlo e phahameng le boits'oaro bo botle ba ho hlahloba serum ho tsoa ho batho ba tšoaelitsoeng ke EV71. Mohloli oa lintlha: Setsi sa Naha sa Taolo le Thibelo ea Mafu a Kokoana, CDC ea China.
Tlhahlobo ea Ts'ebetso ea CA16-IgM (Colloidal Gold) Ts'ebetso
| Slekaneng | No. eaLinyeoe | CA16-IgM e ntle | CA16-IgM Negative | Stjantjello | Specificity |
| Mehlala e Ntle ea CA16-IgM | 248 | 243 | 5 | 98.0% | —– |
| Mehlala e Ntle ea PCR / Linyeoe tse seng tsa HFMD | 325 | 11 | 314 | —– | 96.6% |
Liphetho li bontša:The Beier CA16-IgM Test Kit (Colloidal Gold) e bonts'a kutlo e phahameng le boits'oaro bo botle ba ho lemoha serum ho tsoa ho batho ba tšoaelitsoeng ke CA16. Mohloli oa lintlha: Setsi sa Naha sa Taolo le Thibelo ea Mafu a Kokoana, CDC ea China.
Nako ea poso: Oct-30-2025